B. R. Ambedkar

B. R. Ambedkar
Member of Rajya Sabha (en)
Minister of Law and Justice of India (en)
member of the Committee on Subjects Assigned to the Union Centre (en)
member of the Negotiating Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India (en)
Member of the Advisory Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India (en)
member of the Steering Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India (en)
President
Member of the Constituent Assembly of India (en)
Ministru tax-Xogħol
Kap tal-Oppozizzjoni
Member (en)
Member (en)
Ħajja
Isem propju	Bhīvā Rāmjī Sakpāḷu भीवा रामजी सकपाळ
Twelid	Bhim Janmabhoomi (en) , 14 April 1891
Nazzjonalità	British Raj (en) ; Indja; Dominju tal-Indja
Residenza	Indja; Stati Uniti tal-Amerka; Londra; Londra
L-ewwel lingwa	Marathi
Mewt	Dr. Ambedkar National Memorial (en) u New Delhi, 6 Diċembru 1956
Post tad-dfin	Chaitya Bhoomi (en) ; Mumbai
Kawża tal-mewt	kawżi naturali (mard)
Familja
Missier	Ramji Maloji Sakpal
Omm	Bhimabai Ramji Sakpal
Konjuga/i	Ramabai Ambedkar (en) (4 April 1906 - 27 Mejju 1935); Savita Ambedkar (en) (15 April 1948 - 6 Diċembru 1956)
Ulied	uri Yashwant Ambedkar (en) ;
Familja	uri Meera Ambedkar (en) (daughter-in-law (en) ); Prakash Ambedkar (en) (neputi); Bhimrao Yashwant Ambedkar (en) (neputi); Anandraj Ambedkar (en) (neputi); Sujat Ambedkar (en) (great-grandson (en) );
Edukazzjoni
Alma mater	Università ta' Columbia ; Elphinstone College (en) ; Skola tax-Xjenza Ekonomika u x-Xjenza Politika ta’ Londra ; Government Law College, Mumbai (en)
Livell tal-edukazzjoni	Baċellerat tal-Arti; Masters tal-Arti; Dottorat fix-Xjenza Ekonomika; Masters fix-Xjenza; avukat; Dottorat fix-Xjenza
Direttur tat-teżi	Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman (en) ; Edwin Cannan (en)
Lingwi	Ingliż; Ġermaniż; Pali (en) ; Sanskritt; Bangla; Gujarati; Kanariż; Lingwa Persjana; Franċiż; Marathi; Urdu
Għalliema	John Dewey (mul) ; Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman (en) ; Alexander Goldenweiser (en) ; Edwin Cannan (en) ; James Thomson Shotwell (en) ; James Harvey Robinson (en) ; Halford Mackinder (mul) ; Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse (en) ; Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson (en)
Okkupazzjoni
Okkupazzjoni	ekonomista; politiku; constitutionalist (en) ; avukat; ġurist; soċjologu; antropologu; pedagoġiku; kittieb; filosofu; social reformer (en) ; ġurnalist; rivoluzzjonarju; professur; political scientist (en) ; scholar (en) ; orator (en) ; freedom fighter (en) ; storiku; editur tal-gazzetta; attivist tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; umanitarju; attivist għad-drittijet umani; educational theorist (en) ; spiritual leader (en) ; attivist tal-paċi; awtobijografu; kittieb politiku; teologu; pittur; attivista tad-drittijiet tan-nisa; bibliographer (en) ; saġġist; scholar (en)
	Parteċipant British-Indian Round Table Conferences (en) ;
Tul	178 cm
Post tax-xogħol	Mumbai; Delhi
Xogħlijiet importanti	Annihilation of Caste (en) ; Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development (en) ; Who Were the Shudras? (en) ; The Buddha and His Dhamma (en) ; Waiting for a Visa (en) ; Small Holdings in India and Their Remedies (en) ; The Problem of the Rupees: Its Origin and Its Solution (en) ; The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India (en) ; Pakistan or Partition of India (en) ; Ranade, Gandhi and Jinnah (en) ; What Congress and Gandhi Have Done to the Untouchables (en) ; States and Minorities (en) ; The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchables (en) ; Thoughts on Linguistic States (en) ; Revolution and Counter-revolution in Ancient India (en) ; Riddles in Hinduism (en) ; Administration and Finance of the East India Company (en) ; Mr. Gandhi and the Emancipation of the Untouchables (en) ; Maharashtra as a Linguistic Province (en) ; The Rise and Fall of Hindu Women (en) ; Federation Versus Freedom (en) ; Communal Deadlock and a way to Solve it (en)
Premjijiet	List Bharat Ratna ; The Greatest Indian ; honorary doctorate from Columbia University (1952) ; honorary doctor of Osmania University (1953) ;
Influwenzat minn	Gautama Buddha; Kabir (en) ; Jyotirao Phule (en) ; John Dewey (mul) ; Lokanātha (en) ; Bodhānanda (en)
Moviment	social movement (en) ; Indian independence movement (en) ; Dalit Buddhist movement (en)

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, magħruf ukoll bħala Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar (twieled fl-14 ta' April 1891 – miet fis-6 ta' Diċembru 1956), kien ġurist, ekonomista, politiku u riformatur soċjali Indjan, li ispira l-moviment Buddista Dalit u għamel kampanja kontra d-diskriminazzjoni soċjali lejn dawk li ma jintmessux (Dalits). Huwa appoġġa wkoll id-drittijiet tan-nisa u tax-xogħol. Huwa kien l-ewwel Ministru indipendenti tal-Liġi u l-Ġustizzja tal-Indja, il-perit tal-Kostituzzjoni tal-Indja, u l-missier fundatur tar-Repubblika tal-Indja.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Fl-1956, huwa beda konverżjoni tal-massa tad-Dalits, u kkonverta għall-Buddiżmu ma '600,000 partitarju. Huwa qajjem il-Buddiżmu fl-Indja. Ambedkar huwa meqjus bħala bodhisattva, u l-Maitreya, fost il-Buddisti Navayana.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Fl-1990, il-Bharat Ratna, l-ogħla premju ċivili tal-Indja, ingħata posthumously lil Ambedkar. Il-wirt ta 'Ambedkar jinkludi bosta monumenti u tpinġijiet fil-kultura popolari. Il-wirt ta 'Ambedkar bħala riformatur soċjo-politiku, kellu effett profond fuq l-Indja moderna.^[11]^[12]

Ambedkar ġie vvutat "l-Ikbar Indjan" (The Greatest Indian) fl-2012 minn stħarriġ organizzat minn History TV18 u CNN IBN, qabel Vallabhbhai Patel u Jawaharlal Nehru.^[13]

Ambedkar Jayanti (għeluq snin Ambedkar) huwa festival annwali ċċelebrat fl-14 ta 'April, li jiġi ċċelebrat mhux biss fl-Indja iżda mad-dinja kollha. Ambedkar Jayanti huwa ċċelebrat bħala btala pubblika uffiċjali fl-Indja kollha.^[14] In-Nazzjonijiet Uniti ċċelebraw lil Ambedkar Jayanti fl-2016, fl-2017 u fl-2018.^[15]^[16]^[17]

Referenzi

^ "Bhimrao Ambedkar" (bl-Ingliż). Università ta' Columbia.
^ "Ambedkar Jayanti 2019: Facts on Babasaheb to share with kids" (bl-Ingliż). The Indian Express. 2019-04-14.
^ Rajagopalan, Shruti (2020-07-09). "How India's Most Downtrodden Embraced the Power of Statues" (bl-Ingliż). BQ Prime.
^ "Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar" (bl-Ingliż). Britannica.
^ "All You Need To Know About BR Ambedkar On His 129th Birth Anniversary" (bl-Ingliż). NDTV. 2020-04-14.
^ Buswell, Robert Jr; Lopez, Donald S. Jr. (2013). Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism (bl-Ingliż). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 34. ISBN 9780691157863.
^ "Why Ambedkar chose Buddhism over Hinduism, Islam, Christianity" (bl-Ingliż). ThePrint. 2019-05-20.
^ "Buddha Purnima: Why Ambedkar converted to Buddhism" (bl-Ingliż). The Indian Express. 2020-05-08.
^ Balasubramanian, Malavika; Gopinath, Vishnu (2021-04-13). "Decoding Dr BR Ambedkar's Conversion to Buddhism" (bl-Ingliż). The Quint.
^ Emmanuel, Steven M. (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy (bl-Ingliż). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 529–531. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
^ Joshi, Barbara R. (1986). Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement (bl-Ingliż). Zed Books. pp. 11–14. ISBN 9780862324605. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2016-07-29.
^ Keer, D. (1990). Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission (bl-Ingliż). Popular Prakashan. p. 61. ISBN 9788171542376. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2016-07-30.
^ "A Measure Of The Man" (bl-Ingliż). Outlook India.
^ "Declaration of Holiday on 14th April, 2015- Birthday of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar" (PDF) (bl-Ingliż). Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-2015-04-05.
^ "Ambedkar Jayanti celebrated for the first time outside India as UN organises special event - Firstpost". firstpost.com (bl-Ingliż).
^ "UN celebrates Ambedkar's legacy 'fighting inequality, inspiring inclusion'" (bl-Ingliż). The New Indian Express.
^ "संयुक्त राष्ट्र में मनाई गई डॉ. बाबासाहेब भीमराव आंबेडकर जयंती - News State". newsstate.com (bl-Ingliż). Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2019-04-19. Miġbur 2020-11-10.

[1] "Bhimrao Ambedkar" (bl-Ingliż). Università ta' Columbia.

[2] "Ambedkar Jayanti 2019: Facts on Babasaheb to share with kids" (bl-Ingliż). The Indian Express. 2019-04-14.

[3] Rajagopalan, Shruti (2020-07-09). "How India's Most Downtrodden Embraced the Power of Statues" (bl-Ingliż). BQ Prime.

[4] "Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar" (bl-Ingliż). Britannica.

[5] "All You Need To Know About BR Ambedkar On His 129th Birth Anniversary" (bl-Ingliż). NDTV. 2020-04-14.

[6] Buswell, Robert Jr; Lopez, Donald S. Jr. (2013). Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism (bl-Ingliż). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 34. ISBN 9780691157863.

[7] "Why Ambedkar chose Buddhism over Hinduism, Islam, Christianity" (bl-Ingliż). ThePrint. 2019-05-20.

[8] "Buddha Purnima: Why Ambedkar converted to Buddhism" (bl-Ingliż). The Indian Express. 2020-05-08.

[9] Balasubramanian, Malavika; Gopinath, Vishnu (2021-04-13). "Decoding Dr BR Ambedkar's Conversion to Buddhism" (bl-Ingliż). The Quint.

[10] Emmanuel, Steven M. (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy (bl-Ingliż). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 529–531. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.

[11] Joshi, Barbara R. (1986). Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement (bl-Ingliż). Zed Books. pp. 11–14. ISBN 9780862324605. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2016-07-29.

[12] Keer, D. (1990). Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission (bl-Ingliż). Popular Prakashan. p. 61. ISBN 9788171542376. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2016-07-30.

[13] "A Measure Of The Man" (bl-Ingliż). Outlook India.

[14] "Declaration of Holiday on 14th April, 2015- Birthday of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar" (PDF) (bl-Ingliż). Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-2015-04-05.

[15] "Ambedkar Jayanti celebrated for the first time outside India as UN organises special event - Firstpost". firstpost.com (bl-Ingliż).

[16] "UN celebrates Ambedkar's legacy 'fighting inequality, inspiring inclusion'" (bl-Ingliż). The New Indian Express.

[17] "संयुक्त राष्ट्र में मनाई गई डॉ. बाबासाहेब भीमराव आंबेडकर जयंती - News State". newsstate.com (bl-Ingliż). Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-2019-04-19. Miġbur 2020-11-10.

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